A !rst-order one-pass CPS transformation

We present a new transformation of -terms into continuation-passing style (CPS). This transformation operates in one pass and is both compositional and !rst-order. Previous CPS transformations only enjoyed two out of the three properties of being !rst-order, one-pass, and compositional, but the new transformation enjoys all three properties. It is proved correct directly by structural induction over source terms instead of indirectly with a colon translation, as in Plotkin’s original proof. Similarly, it makes it possible to reason about CPS-transformed terms by structural induction over source terms, directly. The new CPS transformation connects separately published approaches to the CPS transformation. It has already been used to state a new and simpler correctness proof of a direct-style transformation, and to develop a new and simpler CPS transformation of control-9ow information. c © 2002 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.